Swine sperm induces neutrophil extracellular traps that entangle sperm and embryos

in Reproduction
Authors:
Zhengkai Wei College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China

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Tingting Yu Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China

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Jingjing Wang Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China

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Chaoqun Wang Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China

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Xiao Liu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China

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Zhen Han Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China

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Xu Zhang Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China

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Yong Zhang Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China

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Hongsheng Ouyang Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China

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Zhengtao Yang College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China

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Correspondence should be addressed to Z Yang; Email: yangzhengtao01@sina.com
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/REP-19-0327
Volume/Issue:
Volume 160: Issue 2
Page Range:
217–225
Article Type:
Research Article
Online Publication Date:
Aug 2020
Copyright:
© 2020 Society for Reproduction and Fertility 2020
Restricted access
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Sperm motility, fertilization and embryo implantation are several important factors in reproduction. Except healthy state of sperm and embryo themselves, successful pregnancy is closely related to the status of female reproductive tract immune system. Increased immune cells in reproductive tract often leads to low sperm motility and low chance of embryo implantation, but the mechanisms remain not well clarified. The aim of this study is to investigate the direct effects of swine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) on sperm or embryo in vitro and then try to clarify the molecular mechanisms undergoing the phenomenon. Swine sperm-triggered neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). PMNs phagocytosis of sperms was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Sperm-triggered NETs were quantitated by Pico Green®. Vital staining of the interaction between PMNs and embryo were observed by using confocal microscope. It was showed that PMNs were directly activated by sperm in the form of phagocytosis or casting NETs and that sperm-triggered-NETs formation was made up with DNA co-located with citrullinated histone 3 (citH3) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). In addition, the potential mechanism of NETs release was relevant to NADPH oxidase, ERK1/2 or p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Of great interest was that swine embryo was first found entangled in NETs in vitro, but the function and mechanism of this action in vivo fertilization still needed further investigation. In conclusion, this is the first report about swine sperm-induced NETs that entangle sperm and embryo, which might provide an entirely understanding of swine reproductive physiology and immunology.

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Print ISSN:
1470-1626
Online ISSN:
1741-7899

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