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Mealtime shift delays conception in mice
in Reproduction†(M-H Kim is now at Samsung Biologics, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea)
‡(D-H Han is now at Ildong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea)
The physiological processes of organisms in this rotating planet can adjust according to the time of day via built-in circadian clocks. However, more people are having different shift works, which can increase the risk of pathological conditions including altered reproductive function. Thus, circadian rhythm disturbance has become prevalent in the modern society. Specifically, epidemiological evidence has shown that shift-working women are at high risk of spontaneous abortions, irregular menstrual cycles, and low-birth-weight babies. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of circadian rhythm disturbances on the reproductive function of mice caused by dietary time shift, which is common among night-shift workers. According to the schedule of restricted feeding, the mice were classified into the free feeding, daytime feeding, and night feeding groups. The fertility indices of each group were then evaluated. Activity monitoring was performed to determine whether pregnancy delay might be attributed to mealtime shift. Moreover, the estrous cycle of female mice and the reproductive phenotype of male mice were investigated. Results showed that a 12-h mealtime shift significantly delayed successful conception, which could be attributed to a disrupted estrous cycle, in adult female mice.
Supplementary Materials
- Supplementary Figure 1. Food consumption and body weight of female and male mice during restrictive feeding.
- Supplementary Figure 2. Representative double-plot actograms of wheel running activity, body temperature, and home cage activity.
- Supplementary Figure 3. Representative double-plot actograms of wheel running activity, body temperature, and home cage activity.
- Supplementary Figure 4. Effects of daytime feeding on left and right testicular weights.
- Supplementary Figure 5. Individual profiles of the estrous cycle in the FF group.
- Supplementary Figure 6. Individual profiles of the estrous cycle in the DF group.
- Supplementary Figure 7. Individual profiles of the estrous cycle in the NF group.
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