GRK2 is critical for the cleavage of the porcine embryo by regulating HSP90 and the AKT pathway

in Reproduction
Authors:
Dongjie Zhou Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
Present Address: Centre for Embryology and Healthy Development, Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.

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Xiao-Han Li Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea

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Song-Hee Lee Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea

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Ji-Dam Kim Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea

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Gyu-Hyun Lee Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea

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Jae-Min Sim Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea

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Xiang-Shun Cui Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea

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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3492-2698

Correspondence should be addressed to X-S Cui: xscui@chungbuk.ac.kr
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/REP-23-0463
Volume/Issue:
Volume 168: Issue 4
Article ID:
e230463
Article Type:
Research Article
Online Publication Date:
27 Aug 2024
Copyright:
© the author(s) 2024
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In brief

GRK2 deficiency disrupts the early embryonic development in pigs. The regulation of GRK2 on HSP90 and AKT may also play an important role during embryo development and tumor formation.

Abstract

Among the family of GPCR kinases (GRKs) that regulate receptor phosphorylation and signaling termination, G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) binds to HSP90 in response to hypoxia or other stresses. In this study, we investigated the effects of GRK2 knockdown and inhibition on porcine embryonic development from the zygote stage. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to determine the localization and expression, respectively, of GRK2 and related proteins. First, GRK2 and p-GRK2 were expressed in both the cytoplasm and membrane and co-localized with HSP90 on the membrane. The mRNA level of GRK2 increased until the 8C-morula stage, suggesting that GRK2 may play an essential role during the early development of the porcine embryos. GRK2 knockdown reduced porcine embryo development capacity and led to significantly decreased blastocyst quality. In addition, inhibition of GRK2 also induced poor ability of embryo development at an early stage, indicating that GRK2 is critical for embryonic cleavage in pigs. Knockdown and inhibition of GRK2 reduced HSP90 expression, AKT activation, and cAMP levels. Additionally, GRK2 deficiency increased LC3 expression, suggesting enhanced autophagy during embryo development. In summary, we showed that GRK2 binds to HSP90 on the membrane to regulate embryonic cleavage and AKT activation during embryonic development in pigs.

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Print ISSN:
1470-1626
Online ISSN:
1741-7899

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