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Introduction Steroid hormones regulate critical phases of development and are essential for homeostasis of key physiological functions. In the male, the Leydig cells of the testis are responsible for producing testosterone (TS), and TS is

, and so far the only one identified in Leydig cells ( Perez-Armendariz et al. 1994 , Varanda & de Carvalho 1994 , Bravo-Moreno et al. 2001 , Risley et al. 2002 ). Deletion of the Gja1 gene that encodes Cx43 causes a lethal cardiac

autografted adult mouse testes. Our results indicate that Leydig cells regenerated de novo in the autografted adult testes, restoring the serum testosterone level. Material and methods Testis tissue autografting All animal procedures were approved by the

Introduction Leydig cells dominate the interstitial space after puberty, which transform from stem Leydig cells to adult Leydig cells ( Mendis-Handagama & Ariyaratne 2001 , Haider 2004 ). The main role of adult Leydig cells is to produce

Introduction During normal male fetal development the Leydig cells actively secrete androgen to ensure normal masculinization. Androgen secretion then declines before a second generation of Leydig cells establishes the normal adult pattern of

Introduction During testicular development, two populations of Leydig cells arise sequentially. The foetal population differentiates soon after the start of testis development and is responsible for foetal androgen production and induction of

Introduction Testicular Leydig cells are essential for proper male phenotypic differentiation and fertility ( Teerds & Huhtaniemi 2015 ). Two distinct populations of Leydig cells arise sequentially during mammalian development ( Virtanen

Introduction Testosterone is essential for the maintenance of sperm production and male secondary sexual characteristics in adult males. In mature males, testosterone is primarily produced by testicular Leydig cells. Mature Leydig cells, here

Introduction During rodent testis development, Leydig cells (LCs) arise as two discrete but overlapping populations, fetal and adult type. During embryogenesis, androgens produced by the fetal LCs are essential for masculinization. At birth, the

underlying this steroidogenic impairment during different life periods as a result of exposure to excessive dietary fat. The differentiation of the adult Leydig cell (ALC) population in rodents ( Mendis-Handagama & Ariyaratne 2001 , Wu et al. 2007