University Department of Steroid Biochemistry, and Department of Urology, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G4 OSF (Received 5th February 1975)
Androgens, particularly testosterone, have long been held to be controlling factors in spermatogenesis (Steinberger & Ducket, 1967). Oestrogens have been shown to influence the output of pituitary gonadotrophins and thus cause Leydig cell atrophy. They also affect germinal cells in the seminiferous tubules directly (de la Balze et al., 1962).
In the present study, we have attempted to correlate the plasma concentrations of 17-hydroxyandrogens (17-OHA) and oestradiol-17 β with the sperm counts and testicular histology of 134 men. All the men were referred to the infertility clinic with a history of at least 2 years of childless marriage during which regular intercourse, without contraception, had taken place.
On the patient's initial visit to the clinic, 10 ml peripheral venous blood were withdrawn for steroid assays. The patients were instructed to collect semen
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